Ferdinand magellan wikipedia en francais
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| current | , 17 June | 2, × 1, ( KB) | former named -> f Ferdinand MagellanFerdinand Magellan (–), poznat i pod imenom Fernão de Magalhães, bio je portugalski moreplovac i istraživač. Biografija[uredi | uredi izvor]Rođen c. u porodici nižeg portugalskog plemstva, Magelan je postao vješt mornar i pomorski oficir u službi portugalske krune u Aziji. Kralj Manuel I odbio je da podrži Magelanov plan da stigne do Molučkih ostrva, odnosno ostrva začina, ploveći na zapad oko američkog kontinenta. Magelan je potom predložio isti plan španskom kralju Karlu I, koji ga je odobrio. Studirao je na School of Pages kraljice Leonore u Lisabonu i provodio dane proučavajući tekstove o kartografiji, astronomiji i nebeskoj navigaciji - temama koje će mu dobro poslužiti u kasnijim aktivnostima. U Sevilji se oženio, dobio dvoje djece i organizirao ekspediciju. Godine , zbog svoje odanosti Hispanskoj monarhiji, Magelan je imenovan za admirala španske flote i dobio je komandu nad ekspedicijom - petobrodskom "Armadom Moluke". Takođe je proglašen za komandanta Ordena Santiaga, jednog od najviših vojnih činova Španskog carstva. Mladost je proveo na dvoru, a zatim je učestvovao u osvajačkim pohodima na Indiju i Sjevernu Afriku. Prvi je otplovio iz Evrope u Aziju putujući zapadno. Španski kralj mu je povjerio misiju da dospije do Začinskih (Molučkih) ostrva i dao mu pet brodova sa članova posade. Mada je Magellan poginuo u sukobu sa urođenicima na Filipinima, prije povratka u Evropu, 18 članova njegove posade pod vodstvom Sebastiana de Elcana, u brodu Victoria se vratilo u Španiju sa bogatim tovarom začina koji je pokrio sve troškove ekspedicije i oplovivši Zemlju. On je dao ime Tihom okeanu, a po njemu je također i Magellanov prolaz na jugu Čilea dobio ime. Također pogledajte[uredi | uredi izvor]Reference[uredi | uredi izvor]Vanjski linkovi[uredi | uredi izvor]Fernand de Magellan (nan PòtigèFernão de Magalhães, nan kastilyenFernando de Magallanes ), ki fèt alantou pwobableman nan pòto e ki te mouri 27 avril sou zile Maktan ( jodi a Filipin ), se yon moun. navigatè ak eksploratè Pòtigè nan epòk la nan gwo dekouvèt yo, ki te antre nan sèvis la nan kouwòn nan kastiy, ak pwojè a nan rive nan End oryental, miyò Zile Molik yo nan Endonezi, lè yo navige nan lwès, ki te pwojè a pa fini nan Christophe Colomb nan Se poutèt sa Magellan te espere jwenn yon pasaj soti nan Oseyan Atlantik la nan Oseyan Lès la, kote li ta nonmen Oseyan Pasifik la. Kite Seville nan , li te swiv kòt Amerik di Sid la, li te rankontre yon moun enkoni ke li te rele Patagonians Lè sa a, gide pa endijèn pechè Fuegian, travèse, byen lwen nan sid la nan peyi li te ye, pasaj la ki ta pote non an nan kanal Magellan. . Li te travèse Oseyan Pasifik la nan pi gwo limit li epi li te rive nan Zile Filipin yo kote, li te vin dirèkteman enplike nan yon konfli ant chèf natif natal, li te touye nan batay nan mwa avril Kontrèman ak sèten lide prejije, esferisite Latè a te aksepte nan sèk savan an Ewòp nan Mwayennaj la, sitou pa moun nan Legliz la . Pou Platon ak Aristòt, esferisite Latè a te yon reyalite sèten. Nan III lan syèk av. J. -C. deja, Eratosthenes te mezire sikonferans li ak presizyon remakab ak jeograf Claudius Ptolemy nan II lan . syèk se kontinyasyon li. Konesans sa a te dire pandan tout Mwayennaj la, sitou grasa ekriti Isidor Seville nan VI syèk la. syèk, osi byen ke sa yo ki nan Aristòt, referans nan gwo inivèsite medyeval yo. Pandan Mwayennaj yo, klas dominan Ewopeyen yo te devlope yon gou pou epis santi bon ekzotik, ki ankouraje, anplis de enterè nan jeyografi, sa yo ki nan eksploratè ak komè Portuguese explorer (–) "Magellan" redirects here. For the railcar, see Ferdinand Magellan (railcar). For other uses, see Magellan (disambiguation). Ferdinand Magellan (c. – 27 April ) was a Portuguese explorer best known for having planned and led the –22 Spanish expedition to the East Indies. During this expedition, he also discovered the Strait of Magellan, allowing his fleet to pass from the Atlantic into the Pacific Ocean and perform the first European navigation to Asia via the Pacific. Magellan died in the Philippines during his voyage and his crew, commanded by the Spanish Juan Sebastián Elcano, completed the return trip to Spain in achieving the first circumnavigation of Earth in history. Born around into a family of minor Portuguese nobility, Magellan became a skilled sailor and naval officer in service of the Portuguese Crown in Asia. King Manuel I refused to support Magellan's plan to reach the Moluccas, or Spice Islands, by sailing westwards around the American continent. Magellan then proposed the same plan to King Charles I of Spain, who approved it. In Seville, he married, fathered two children, and organized the expedition. In , for his allegiance to the Hispanic monarchy, Magellan was appointed an admiral of the Spanish fleet and given command of the expedition—the five-ship "Armada of Molucca." He was also made a Commander of the Order of Santiago, one of the highest military ranks of the Spanish Empire. Granted special powers and privileges by the king, he led the Armada from Sanlúcar de Barrameda southwest across the Atlantic Ocean, to the eastern coast of South America, and south to Patagonia. Despite a series of storms and mutinies, the expedition successfully passed through the Strait of Magellan into the Mar del Sur, which Magellan renamed the Mar Pacifico, or Pacific Ocean. The expedition landed at Guam after an arduous crossing of the Pacific |