Biography gorbachev mikhail

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    • Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was born on 2 March 1931 in the southern Russian province of Stravropol Krai. Born to peasant farmers, he became active in the Communist Party and studied law at the Moscow State University. While at university he met and married Raisa Titarenko. The couple had one daughter, Irina.

    Early political life

    Gorbachev returned to Stavropol after university and worked as a regional Communist Party official. Gorbachev studied for a second degree in agriculture and began to rise through the ranks of the provincial Communist Party.

    Climbing the ranks

    Having made a name for himself as a regional moderniser and reformer, in 1978 he was summoned to Moscow and appointed to the agricultural central committee. Under the guidance of senior Communist Party officials Gorbachev was rapidly promoted to the Soviet Union’s executive committee, the Politburo.

    Becomes General Secretary of the Soviet Union

    By the 1980s the Soviet economy was in drastic need of reform. In 1985, after three elderly leaders died in quick succession, Gorbachev, a protégé of former Soviet leader Yuri Andropov, was appointed General Secretary and head of the Soviet Union. At 54 he was one of the youngest leaders and was seen as the new broom that could clean up the decrepit Soviet system.

    Glasnost and Perestroika

    Gorbachev hinged his efforts to revitalise the Soviet Union on two plans: glasnost (meaning openness) and perestroika (meaning restructuring). By relaxing bureaucracy and censorship Gorbachev hoped to transform the Stalinist Soviet regime into a more modern social democracy. While glasnost was widely celebrated, his attempts to restructure the Soviet economy largely floundered.

    Nuclear summits

    Gorbachev saw that vast sums of money were being poured into the military to keep up with the US. Desperate to free up this money, Gorbachev fostered a warmer relationship with the West. In a series of high-profile summits Gorbachev met President Reagan

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    • Mikhail Gorbachev

    Leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to 1991

    "Gorbachev" redirects here. For other people with the surname, see Gorbachev (surname).

    Mikhail Gorbachev

    Gorbachev in 1987

    In office
    11 March 1985 – 24 August 1991
    Premier
    DeputyVladimir Ivashko
    Preceded byKonstantin Chernenko
    Succeeded byVladimir Ivashko (acting)
    In office
    15 March 1990 – 25 December 1991
    Vice PresidentGennady Yanayev
    Preceded byHimself as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
    Succeeded byOffice abolished
    In office
    25 May 1989 – 15 March 1990
    DeputyAnatoly Lukyanov
    Preceded by

    Himself as Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet

    Succeeded byAnatoly Lukyanov
    In office
    1 October 1988 – 25 May 1989
    Preceded byAndrei Gromyko
    Succeeded by

    Himself as Chairman of the Supreme Soviet

    Additional positions

    In office
    11 March 2000 – 15 November 2017
    Preceded byParty established
    Succeeded byParty disestablished
    In office
    9 February 1984 – 10 March 1985
    Preceded byKonstantin Chernenko
    Succeeded byYegor Ligachyov
    Born(1931-03-02)2 March 1931
    Privolnoye, North Caucasus Krai, Russian SFSR, USSR
    Died30 August 2022(2022-08-30) (aged 91)
    Moscow, Russia
    Resting placeNovodevichy Cemetery, Moscow, Russia
    Political party
    Spouse

    Raisa Titarenko

    ​

    ​

    (m. 1953; died 1999)​
    Children1
    Alma materMoscow State University
    Signature
    WebsiteOfficial website

    Central institution membership

    • 1980–1991: Member, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th Politburo
    • 1979–1980: Candidate, 25th Politburo
    • 1978–1991: Member, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th Secretariat
    • 1971–1991: Member, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th, 28th Central Committee
    Lead

    Mikhail Gorbachev

    (1931-2022)

    Who Was Mikhail Gorbachev?

    Mikhail Gorbachev became a delegate to the Communist Party Congress in 1961. He was elected general secretary in 1985. He became the first president of the Soviet Union in 1990 and won the Nobel Prize for Peace that same year. He resigned in 1991 and founded the Gorbachev Foundation. He remained active in social and political causes throughout the remainder of his life.

    Early Life

    Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was born on March 2, 1931, to a Russian-Ukrainian family in the village of Privolnoye, in the Krasnogvardeisky District near the Stavropol Territory of southern Russia.

    Gorbachev’s parents were peasants. His father, Sergei, operated a combine harvester for a living. Sergei was drafted into the Russian Army when the Nazis invaded the USSR in 1941. Three years later, he was wounded in action and returned home to resume operating farm machinery. Sergei passed on his experience to his young son, Mikhail. Mikhail Gorbachev was a quick learner and showed an aptitude for mechanics. As a teenager, Gorbachev contributed to the family’s income by driving tractors at a local machine station. So hard a worker was he that, by the age of 17, Gorbachev was the youngest ever to win the Order of the Red Banner of Labor for his active role in bringing in that year’s bumper crop. Gorbachev’s mother, Maria, exemplified this tireless work ethic with her lifelong toil on a collective farm.

    The political climate during Mikhail Gorbachev’s upbringing was turbulent. In the 1930s, when Gorbachev was still very young, he suffered the trauma of seeing his maternal grandfather, Pantelei Gopkalo, arrested during the Great Purge. Gopkalo was accused of being a Trotskyite counterrevolutionary and was imprisoned and tortured for 14 months. To his family’s great relief, he was spared execution.The economic climate during Mikhail Gorbachev’s childhood was also one of turmoil. In 1933, southern Russia endured a major drough

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