Waheed ullah shahrani biography books

Executive body of the Afghan government

The Cabinet of Afghanistan (also known as the Council of Ministers) is the executive body of the government of the country, responsible for day-to-day governance and the implementation of policy set by the Leadership. In his modern form it exists since the beginning of the reign of Emir Amanullah Khan in 1919.

The current Council of Ministers of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is headed by the prime minister—who serves as the nation's head of government—and his deputies, and consists of the heads and deputy heads of the government ministries.

Predecessors to a cabinet

18th century

When Ahmad Shah Durrani started ruling over his empire in 1747, he had no administrative experience, nor did much of his closest advisors. As a result, he chose to adopt a government style similar to the Mughals and Safavids, with his main idea of a government based on an absolute monarchy. A tribal council ruled in hand with Ahmad Shah as well, serving as a form of cabinet. However, Ahmad Shah had made the positions of his cabinet hereditary, thus making it difficult to dismiss advisors without causing conflict. Their roles, however, were mostly purely de jure, and tasks were delegated to subordinates.

His grandson Zaman Shah had wanted a ministry and cabinet that would be loyal to him and of his people, as a result he had replaced the old ministry of his father Timur Shah and replaced them with loyal Pashtuns devoted to himself, strengthening his position on the throne.

19th century

When Emir Abdur Rahman Khan came to power in Kabul in 1880, the central administration consisted of only ten clerks overseen by a single official. Using the military branch as a supervisory body, he established a civil administration that, in a modified form, remains in place today. He introduced institutions that were precursors to modern ministries, such as the Treasury Board, Board of Trad

President Karzai has appointed five new ministers to fill the voids left in his cabinet by the incumbents resigning to join the presidential race. His 28 October mini-reshuffle in the cabinet brings back some long-standing allies, two relative newcomers and one controversial figure. AAN analysts, Thomas Ruttig, Gran Hewad and Kate Clark, have been looking into their backgrounds.

The five appointees, who are only acting ministers until and unless they pass a vote of confidence in parliament in mid-November, will only have a short tenure. After the April elections, the new president will no doubt want to appoint his own ministers. So most of the newly appointed will be no more than transitional figures, at least in their current positions. However, in the pre-election period, new appointments are always interesting and Karzai’s mini cabinet reshuffle has brought back some well-known and interesting figures.

Zarar Ahmad Moqbel Usmani replaces Dr Zalmay Rassul as Minister for Foreign Affairs (who is running for president)

Moqbel is a former Shura-ye Nizar/Jamiat-e Islami commander from the Shomali (Khuwaja Syaran village in Parwan) who was born in 1964 (read his official biography here and, slightly differently here. He studied at one of the top high schools in Kabul (Habibia), at the Parwan Teacher Training Institute and then the Kabul Polytechnic, but left without completing his final year in 1987 after his brother, a commander, was killed and he was arrested. He was subsequently released from Pul-e Charkhi prison in a prisoner exchange and joined the mujahedin, eventually serving as deputy chief of staff to Ahmad Shah Massud. It seems he was active in the consolidation of Massud’s Shura-ye Nizar, the military organisation within Jamiat which became extremely powerful during the late 1980s.

Moqbel was appointed chief of police of Parwan province in 1994 during the mujah

Table of contents :
Editor’s Foreword
Reader’s Notes
Acronyms and Abbreviations
Chronology
Introduction
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
Y
Z
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Appendix 3
Appendix 4
Bibliography
About the Author

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HISTORICAL DICTIONARIES OF ASIA, OCEANIA, AND THE MIDDLE EAST Jon Woronoff, Series Editor Guam and Micronesia, by William Wuerch and Dirk Ballendorf. 1994. Palestine, by Nafez Y. Nazzal and Laila A. Nazzal. 1997. Lebanon, by As’ad AbuKhalil. 1998. Azerbaijan, by Tadeusz Swietochowski and Brian C. Collins. 1999. Papua New Guinea, Second Edition, by Ann Turner. 2001. North Korea, by Ilpyong J. Kim. 2003. Cambodia, by Justin Corfield and Laura Summers. 2003. Iraq, by Edmund A. Ghareeb with the assistance of Beth

A religious scholar trained in Afghanistan and Egypt, Nematullah Shahrani has spent much of his life as an apolitical educator, author, and translator of important Islamic literature from Arabic. He lived about twenty years as a refugee in Peshawar, Pakistan, supporting the Afghanistan Mujahidin resistance against Soviet occupation and communist regimes. After the fall of Taliban regime, he became one of four vice presidents to Hamid Karzai's transitional administration (2003–2005). Nematullah has also served as chairman of the Constitutional Drafting Commission, a member of the Constitutional Loyah Jergah (Grand Assembly), and as minister of Hajj and Religious Affairs since the election of Karzai as president of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan in 2005.

PERSONAL HISTORY

Shahrani was born in 1941 in a small Uzbek village, in the Jerm District of the remote mountainous province of Badakhshan, Afghanistan. His father, Mullah Ebaadullah Shahrani, was a village religious functionary who was instrumental in the establishment of the first elementary school in his village, becoming a teacher and a strong advocate of modern education. After completing primary and middle school in Badakhshan, Nematullah—one of thirteen children and the second eldest son in the family—entered Madrassa-yi Abu-Hanifa (an Islamic studies high school) in Paghman, near the capital Kabul. He completed his studies at the Faculty of Islamic Studies (Shari'ayat) at Kabul University in 1965 and was recruited to the teaching staff of the same unit upon graduation. In 1968 he accepted a scholarship to al-Azhar University in Cairo, the most prestigious institution for the study of Sunni Islam. He earned an MA in tafsir studies (the study of Qur'an Commentaries). Upon his return to Afghanistan in 1971 he rejoined the academic staff of the Faculty of Islamic Studies and became the editor of its official publication, the Shari'ayat (Islamic Studies Journal). In 1976–1